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Fat is good for you
A certain amount of fat in the diet is good and necessary to be healthy. Adults should get 20%-35% of their calories from fat. However, nutrition experts agree that most Americans should eat less fat than they currently do.
Research shows that excessive intake of fat – especially trans fat and saturated fat – and cholesterol increases the risk of heart disease. Eating too much fat can cause excess body weight, since a gram of fat has about twice as many calories per gram as carbohydrates (see below) and proteins. (There are 9 calories per gram of fat compared with 4 calories for protein and carbohydrates.)
Fat is made up of compounds called fatty acids or lipids. Depending on their chemical structure, these fatty acids are called monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, saturated, or trans fats. Trans fats and saturated fats are the unhealthiest fats to eat.
Trans fats are formed when manufacturers turn liquid oils into solid fats, such as with shortening and hard margarine. Trans fats can also be found in many foods, including crackers (even healthy-sounding ones), cereals, baked goods, snack foods, salad dressings, fried foods, and many other processed foods.
Problems with too much dietary fat can also come when 10% or more of your daily calories come from saturated fats such as those found in meats, high-fat dairy products, and butter and foods cooked or made with hydrogenated fats. And consuming trans fats in any amount is also not recommended. These practices may lead to high blood cholesterol levels and heart disease.
Cholesterol Levels
Many people are confused about the effect of dietary fats on cholesterol levels. At first glance, it seems reasonable to think that eating less cholesterol would reduce a person’s cholesterol level. In fact, eating less cholesterol has less effect on blood cholesterol levels than eating less saturated fat.
However, some studies have found that eating cholesterol increases the risk of heart disease even if it doesn’t increase blood cholesterol levels.
Another misconception is that people can improve their cholesterol numbers by eating “good” cholesterol. In food, all cholesterol is the same. In the blood, whether cholesterol is “good” or “bad” depends on the type of lipoprotein that’s carrying it.
Polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats do not promote the formation of artery-clogging fatty deposits the way saturated fats do. Some studies show that eating foods that contain these fats can reduce levels of LDL-cholesterol in the blood.
Polyunsaturated fats, such as safflower and corn oil, tend to lower both HDL- and LDL-cholesterol. Edible oils rich in monounsaturated fats, such as olive and canola oil, however, tend to lower LDL-cholesterol without affecting HDL levels.
While people aware that they should get their cholesterol checked, Most people don’t know how to interpret their blood results. There are certain terms related to your Blood Chemistry that you should understand.
HDL (High-density lipoprotein or good cholesterol)
A type of cholesterol that good or protective. If small amounts of plaque (LDL or bad cholesterol) have been laid down in your blood vessels and you have enough HDL, you’ll be able to dissolve this plaque and use it as an energy source.
Good HDL is 40 mg/dl and above for man.
Good HDL is 50 mg/dl and above for a woman.
LDL (Low-density lipoprotein or bad cholesterol)
The bad type of cholesterol that collects in your blood vessels as plaque and clogs them if you have to much floating around in your blood stream, or if you don’t have sufficient HDL to dissolve it. According to the new cholesterol standards for both genders recently published by the Journal of the American Medical Association:
An LDL of less than 100 mg/dl is optimal.
100-129 mg/dl is near or above optimal.
130-159 mg/dl is borderline high.
160-189 mg/dl is high
190 mg/dl and up is very high.
LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol act differently in the body. A high level of LDL-cholesterol in the blood increases the risk of fatty deposits forming in the arteries, which in turn increases the risk of a heart attack.
Thus, LDL-cholesterol has been dubbed “bad” cholesterol. On the other hand, an elevated level of HDL-cholesterol seems to have a protective effect against heart disease. For this reason, HDL-cholesterol is often called “good” cholesterol.
Triglycerides
Another form in which fat is transported through the blood to the body tissues. Triglycerides are the fats that appear in the blood soon after your meals. Normally they are stripped of their fatty acids when they pass through various type of tissue, especially adipose (beneath the skin) fat and skeletal muscle.
Most of the body’s stored fat is in the form of triglycerides. Another lipoprotein – very low-density lipoprotein, or VLDL – has the job of carrying triglycerides in the blood. Triglycerides are converted into stored energy that is gradually released and metabolized between meals according to the metabolic needs of your body.
NHLBI considers a triglyceride level below 150 mg/dl to be normal. It is not clear whether high levels of triglycerides alone increase an individual’s risk of heart disease. However, they may be an important clue that someone is at risk of heart disease for other reasons.
Many people who have elevated triglycerides also have high LDL-cholesterol or low HDL-cholesterol. People with diabetes or kidney disease – two conditions that increase the risk of heart disease – are also prone to high triglycerides.
Almost everyone loves sugars and other kinds of carbohydrates. But if you consume more than you require daily your triglyceride level will elevate. When this happens,your disease risk for hyperglycemia and diabetes can increase and you will become more susceptible to coronary heart disease.
A normal triglyceride level is 150 or below.
150-199 is borderline high.
200-499 is high.
500 or over is very high.
Your total cholesterol
This is calculated by adding your HDL plus your LDL plus your triglycerides divided by five.
A total cholesterol less than 200 mg/dl is desirable.
200-239 mg/dl is borderline high.
240 mg/dl or greater is considered high.
Piti Niyomsirivanich, M.D., B.Sc, is the webmaster of http://www.weightloss-insider.com, providing tips tricks & techniques, resources, a free letters, etc. to help people get healthier. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Piti_Niyomsirivanich
